7) Like Hipparcos, Gaia's observation strategy is based on detecting stellar positions in two fields of view separated by a 'basic angle', which for Gaia is 106.5º. It builds on the legacy of the successful Hipparcos mission (1989-1993). Gaia is ESA's second space mission dedicated to astrometry. These include the structure, dynamics and stellar population of the Magellanic Clouds, the space motions of Local Group Galaxies and studies of supernovae, galactic nuclei and quasars, the latter being used for materializing the inertial frame for Gaia measurements.įigure 1: Gaia measurements objectives (image credit: ESA, Airbus Defence and Space) 6) The measurements will not be limited to the Milky Way stars. The instrument sensitivity is such that distances beyond 20-100 kiloparsec (kpc) will be covered, therefore including the Galaxy bulge (8.5 kpc) and spiral arms. The aim is to produce a catalog complete for star magnitudes up to 20, which corresponds to more than one billion stars or about 1% of the stars of our Galaxy. The Gaia objective is to provide a very accurate dynamical 3D map of our Galaxy by using global astrometry from space, complemented with multi-color multi-epoch photometric measurements. hundreds of thousands of distant active galaxies, called quasars. twenty thousand exploding stars, called supernovae ![]() tens of thousands of ‘failed’ stars, called brown dwarfs seven thousand planets beyond our Solar System hundreds of thousands of asteroids and comets within our Solar System
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